Meeting on rare endocrine diseases Padova

Cancer of endocrine system. Utilizarea fișierului

Radiotherapy RT is an important treatment for breast cancer, but sometimes there is a minimal locoregional benefit for some patients and no survival benefit for others. Radiotherapists should take into consideration to minimize infectious risk without compromising oncologic outcomes.

Radiotherapist should take into consideration omitting RT whenever appropriate, delaying or abbrevia­ting RT whenever appropriate.

Omit Cancer of endocrine system for patients 65 years old and over or younger, with relevant comorbidities, with invasive breast cancer that are up to 30 mm with clear margins, Goestrogen receptor [ER] positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] negative and node ne­ga­tive, who are planned for treatment with endocrine the­ra­py Deliver RT in 5 fractions for all patients requiring RT with node negative tumours that do not require a boost.

An example of a significant risk factor is the presence of involved resection margins where further surgery is not possible. Any boost should be either simultaneous and integrated to minimize fractions if resource permits or hypofractionated sequential — e. Nodal RT can be omitted in postmenopausal women requiring whole breast RT following sentinel lymph node biopsy and primary surgery for T1, ER positive, HER2-negative G tumours with 1e2 macrometastases The use of moderate hypofractionation is already the standard of cancer of endocrine system in many countries and in the altered risk benefit context of a pandemic should be strongly considered in patients with breast reconstruction There were reported some strategies recommended for patients who are diagnosed with COVID cancer of endocrine system on radiotherapy: convert remaining dose to hypofractioned regimens, minimize radiotherapy treatment break during infection treatment and recommence RT only after respiratory symptoms are resumed, with a multidisciplinary input.

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Endocrine therapy for hormone receptor positive, HER2-negative or positive breast cancer of endocrine system, anti-HER2 therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer, che­mo­therapy for triple negative disease or advanced disease or neoadjuvant treatment or metastatic endocrine resistant. Endocrine therapy ET for hormone receptor positive breast cancer Numerous endocrine agents are available for the treatment of hormone receptor positive breast cancer: estrogens, androgens, progestins, antiestrogens selective estrogen receptor modulators [SERMs] and selective estrogen receptor downregulators [SERDs]aromatase inhibitors, gonadotropin-releasing cancer of endocrine system GnRH analogs, antiprogestins and antiandrogens.

There are three main ways cancer of endocrine system which hormone therapy is used to treat hormone-sensitive breast cancer: adjuvant therapy for early-stage breast cancer 25treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancer 26neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer Adjuvant ET options in postmenopausal women include tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors AI.

Aromatase inhibitors result in better disease-free survival DFSbut no overall survival OS clinical meaningful with a different safety profile. Premenopausal patients may be treated with tamoxifen alone or an association of ovarian suppression function OSF with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor.

The Endocrine System at a Glance

CPBCC supports that LHRH agonists may be given with long acting, every 3 month dosing, to reduce patient visits or, alternatively, home administration of LHRH agonists by patient or visiting nursing may be considered in adjuvant or metastatic setting e. Fulvestrant should have no effect on immune function, but requires monthly clinical administration.

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Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy according to CPBCC B prioritybased on randomized trials, and preoperative treatment with an aromatase inhibitor may offer clinical benefit over tamoxifen in postmenopausal women For premenopausal women, LHRH agonists should be used, and aromatase inhibitors are preferred over tamoxifen.

Home administration of LHRH agonists by patient or visiting nurse may be considered where this is an cancer of endocrine system. For symptomatic and asymptomatic infected breast cancer patients who receive treatments for SARS-CoV-2 infection, drug-drug interactions should be taken into consideration There could be used remdesivir compassionate useRoActemra® tocilizumab in severe forms. There are highly likelihood significant or life-threate­ning interactions between ritonavir and tamoxifen or anastrozole, and it is recommended to use alternative drugs due to increase in QTc toxine foie and the risk of torsades de pointes.

When we use exemestane with lopinavir, there is a recommendation for monitorization, due to increasing levels of exemestane and to an increased risk of fatigue, hypertension and nausea. Letrozol levels are also increased by lopinavir and there is an increased risk of back pain and bone pain.

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There are no interactions between fulvestrant and Kaletra®. Tamiflu® does not interact with any of the endocrine treatment used in breast cancer. The levels of active metabolite of tamoxifen can be reduced when taken concomitantly with hydroxycloroquine and there is a trend of increase in transaminase levels. There is no interaction between any aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant and Plaquenil®.

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The levels of cancer of endocrine system and letrozole could be slightly decreased by methylprednisolone. The association of methylprednisolone and anastrozole can lead to the increase of immunosuppression and fluid-electrolyte disturbances, due to increased levels of methylprednisolone. There are no drug-drug interactions between fulvestrant cancer of endocrine system methylprednisolone. No interactions between fulvestrant, anastrozole and tocilizumab have been reported We should be cautious when recommending to our patients to continue endocrine therapy if they are on treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection, but we must keep in mind also the results reported by Group Trial on the impact of DFS on endocrine treatment adherence.

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Bythe results of phase 3 gardasil hpv strains trials showed that patients with HER2-positive breast cancer cancer of endocrine system with trastuzumab and chemotherapy survived better than patients treated with chemotherapy alone.

InFDA approved pertuzumab as a treatment for women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer to be used in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel. Trastuzumab and pertuzumab are unlikely to affect the immune function and should be safe for patients, therefore CPBCC recommends to continue those treatments. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC recommend reducing cancer of endocrine system course of adjuvant trastuzumab treatment from 12 months to 6 months, to give pertuzumab plus trastuzumab for neoadjuvant therapy, adjuvant therapy, locally recurrent or metastatic disease without chemotherapy in order to reduce the risk of neutropenia.

In normal times, cardiac evaluation is recommended to be done at 3-month interval during the active treatment with anti-HER2 therapies. The delay of cardiac evaluation in patients without cardiac symptoms and with advanced disease status imagistic evaluation is recommended in COVID pandemic.

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Lower priority: antibody treatment i. When checking the drug-drug interaction sites and ONCOassist, we found that lapatinib should never be used concomitantly with ritonavir or tocilizumab due to increase in QTc interval, neutropenia and elevated LFT risk.

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No interactions were found between Tamiflu® and lapatinib. The patients should inform about the treatment with trastuzumab if they have to receive hydroxycloroquine or tocilizumab, due to the risk of cardiac-related toxicity.

There are a lot of chemotherapy regimens used in neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic settings, not only in TNBC.

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Chemotherapy can cause neutropenia that lead cancer patients to risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and to risk of developing severe forms of infection, with high mortality rate.

After an assessment of the risks and benefits for the patient, consider stopping: later-line palliative treatment to reduce the need for admission; adjuvant therapy for low-risk patients for example, those with breast, lung or colorectal cancer to reduce the curățarea copiilor de paraziți for immunosuppressive therapy.

cancer of endocrine system

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the first step in the multimodal treatment for locally advanced breast cancer. The COVID Pandemic Breast Cancer Consortium includes as priority B modifications of chemotherapy schedules so as to reduce clinical visits for instance, using 2- or 3-week dosing instead of weekly dosing for selected agents when appropriate.

Patients should receive G-CSF cancer of endocrine system factor support to minimize neutropenia, while dexamethasone use should cancer of endocrine system limited as appropriate to reduce immunosuppression — as priority A.

For over 50 years the casuistic of patients with thyroid cancer registered in the Nuclear Medicine Department of the National Institute of Endocrinology in Bucharest, Cancer of endocrine system, has over 12 cases. In the last 6 years, a total of new cases have been added. They are organized in a ‘classic file’ format. As a necessity and the first step in order to build a digital national database, we developed the BIOMAT-ENDO software as a Windows Forms application that stores all the main data regarding the patient hospitalized in the department, starting with the first hospitalization, continuing with all the periods of radioiodine therapy and the follow up.

Lower priority according to CPBCC is later-line pal­liative chemotherapy that is less likely to improve outcomes. The CDC recommendations are to cancer of endocrine system to oral capecitabine from intravenous cancer of endocrine system with anti-HER2 therapies for metastatic disease to reduce the risk of neutropenia and substitute albumin-bound paclitaxel Abraxane® for paclitaxel or docetaxel to reduce toxicity and potential for admission. Medical oncologist has to teach patients to inform all other specialists about their treatment.

They can be given with hormonal therapy after treatment with hormonal cancer of endocrine system to women with advanced or metastatic ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.

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These combinations are also being tested to see if they can prevent a relapse after the treatment of early-stage ER-positive disease. The use of oral targeted agents must be weighed against the cancer of endocrine system risk of adverse events which may increase interaction with healthcare centers and staff.

Doses may be reduced to optimize tolerability and minimize treatment-related toxicities. The addition of mTOR or PI3KCA inhibitors is not of immediate priority and should be avoided, as ESMO recommends, due to immune suppression everolimus or risk of diabetes alpelisib ; the risk for pulmonary side effects could be a reason to postpone these agents to later lines We should take into consideration all guidelines recommendations when we treat a breast cancer patient in the COVID pandemic, and we should offer the best treatment available for our patients.